Thanks to Huang Jianping for this great article! It seems like any interpretation of Lionel Messina, the fabulist in the picture book, is just right.
Everyone can have their own interpretation. Although I’m fortunate to have translated “Afu the Field Mouse,” I feel I can never compare to Afu as a poet. However, I still firmly believe that one doesn’t have to be a poet like Afu; any mediocre person like me has the right to be lost in thought, collecting sunlight, colors, and words.Original address:Lionel Messi and his field mouse Alfredauthor:Red Mud Study Group1959In 1959, at the peak of his career, Lionel Leo Lionel planned to retire at 50 to pursue a more creative life and move from New York to Italy. It was at this time that a chance encounter led him to his life’s work. Now a grandfather, Lionel was taking his two young grandchildren home by train. To pass the time on the long journey, he casually tore off some colorful scraps of paper from a magazine and created a story for the children—Little Blue and Little Yellow. This marked the publication of his first children’s book.
Over the next 35 years, Lionel Leo wrote/illustrated more than 40 children’s books, four of which won the Caldecott Medal.
Inch/One Inch Worm (1961 Caldecott)
Honor book), Swimmy (1964)
Caldecott Honor book),
Frederick (1968)
Caldecott Honor Book), Alexander and Wind-up Mouse
(1970 Caldecott Honor
(book).
Lionel Leo is a master storyteller. His books tell children about many serious topics such as sharing, cooperation, maintaining individuality, peace, human rights, etc., but there is no moral preaching in his books, because he always uses cute animal images to impress children all over the world, making them feel that his books are first of all fun and interesting. As for the profound truths contained in the books, I believe that children will slowly experience them throughout their lives.
Lionel Leo Lionni’s books cover a wide range of subjects. Having witnessed and personally experienced the rise of fascism in Europe, and as a member of an international anti-fascist organization (mainly composed of intellectuals and artists), his strong advocacy for peace and human rights is often reflected in his stories. For example, *The Alphabet Tree* was written during the Vietnam War; *Tillie and the Wall* was published eight months before the fall of the Berlin Wall; and *Nicolas, Where Have You Been?*
It talks about overcoming prejudice. It’s fair to say that every one of Lioni’s books deserves discussion, but due to time and space constraints, I’d like to focus on the first Lioni book I read, and my favorite, about the little field mouse, Alfonso. Before discussing Alfonso, I can’t help but praise Ajia’s translation. Alfonso is truly spot-on, capturing the playfulness of the field mouse while also highlighting the Buddha-like state Alfonso has attained. The original name is Frederick. Could you share how you came up with the translation?
In a previous email, I mentioned the impact Frederick the field mouse had on me, and I’ll repeat it here to avoid leaving readers confused. I remember when I first heard the story’s beginning—everyone was busy working, but Frederick was lazing in the sun—it immediately reminded me of a childhood lesson, “The Cold-Weather Bird.” Like Frederick, the cold-weather bird in the story leisurely enjoyed the summer sun while everyone else worked, only to die of cold and hunger because it hadn’t stored enough food for winter. At the time, I thought that foreign writers, like our Chinese teachers, should educate children to study hard from a young age to avoid freezing or starving to death (that’s how my teacher summarized the central idea for us). However, the story’s ending was completely unexpected, filling me with envy and resentment: enjoying sunshine and beautiful scenery in China could lead to starvation, but in America, it could make you an artist! From then on, the new concept of storing sunshine and color was deeply etched into my mind, profoundly influencing my life ever since.
By comparing Frederick the Siberian bird to Frederick, I’m not saying that all Chinese people have a Siberian bird-like mindset, or that all Americans or Westerners have an Frederick mindset. Nor am I saying that most people in the subsistence stage are like the Siberian bird, or that most people in the affluent stage are like Frederick. In fact, every country and every social class has both types of people. During a gathering at the National Day holiday, I talked to my German friend about Frederick, and she said it was also her favorite. I then told her the story of the Siberian bird, and she immediately declared herself a Siberian bird-like person. She said that the food stored in her refrigerator is always enough for her whole family for a week; she cannot tolerate having enough food for only one or two days. She always makes ample preparations in advance. Therefore, different countries and different social classes have both the Siberian bird and Frederick, representing two different ways of life—what Fromm called “possessive” and “survival-oriented” lifestyles. Those who live by possession want to possess everything—to have everything they can think of in advance, to have everything under their control, the so-called “Prepare the…”
future (what Tiger Mom always says); those who value survival take things as they come. They pay more attention to the present and try to enjoy the present as much as possible, instead of turning every moment into a preparation for the future and losing its own meaning.
I must admit that I’ve always been raised and thought like the cuckoo: As a child, I diligently exercised self-denial, forgoing sunlight and vibrant colors to avoid freezing and starving in winter. After graduating from college and entering the workforce, I worked even harder to secure a bright future. As a mother, I prepared my children for their own futures to avoid a cuckoo-like fate. It wasn’t until I turned 40 that I suddenly realized that both the dreaded winter and the bright future lie in a tomorrow I can never reach. This cuckoo-like sense of urgency led me to neglect the present, turning every moment into a preparation for the future, completely ignoring the very existence of the present because I only focused on future goals. Without today, how can there be tomorrow? If we live our entire lives for tomorrow, then we’ve never truly lived. We might as well learn from the little field mouse, Afu, and live as much as possible in the present moment. If storing grain and nuts seems fun, then join the effort and save them. If such labor is boring and you’d rather sit quietly and admire the sunshine and colors, then fully enjoy the moment, without dwelling on whether you’ll starve in the winter. Afu imparted to me a non-clinging mindset: fully savor the sunshine when you can, and embrace the cold winter when it arrives, composing poetry for everyone. This is not the usual clinging or entangled mindset: enjoying the sunshine while worrying about starvation in the winter, then regretting not working harder to store more food and instead focusing solely on enjoying the sunshine. In this sense, Afu was a highly accomplished Zen practitioner. No wonder many regard this book as a yogic practice. In fact, it’s not just for yogis, but also for Buddhists and all practitioners of all traditions who desire to live in the present moment.
To all those who love Alfred the Field Mouse, while you’re busy “storing winter food,” don’t forget to take a break and enjoy the sunshine and beautiful scenery before you. Don’t always make storing sunshine and color a beautiful goal, waiting until this job is finished, until your annual salary reaches a certain level, until the children grow up… No one knows what will happen when that time comes. We always think that the good life has not yet begun, but in fact it is already fading. The only thing we can grasp is the present moment.
Huang Jianping